Conclusion: Nitrofen can interfere with lung development early in the fetal rat development before and separate from diaphragm development, and increased expression of TGF-β1 in the lung of CDH rat model may suppress lung growth and development. Prenatal treatment with Tet can improve the growth of the lung of the nitrofen-induced CDH fetuses and its mechanism seems to be involved in downregulating the expression of TGF-β1. It is a likely new approach to treat CDH and its coexistent lung hypoplasia by maternal Tet administration. (Source: Journal of Pediatric Surgery)